The regulator had in March deferred the proposal owing to a push back from the finance ministry and the industry.

Royalty payments under any name such as brand fees or technical know-how fees or other service-related fees will come under this rule.

Royalty payments to promoters had been exorbitant in the past.

For instance, promoters of Havells India Ltd were given royalty till April 2016 when the company was bearing the cost of advertising and brand building. Similarly, the Singh brothers (erstwhile promoters of Fortis Healthcare Limited) announced that the over ₹500 crore recoverable from them would be adjusted against royalty for the Fortis brand.

Sebi is not going hammer and tongs regarding its plans to cap royalty payments. It realizes these are justified payments, and just wants them to pass the muster of a shareholder vote.

In the past two years, royalty payments have tempered down.

In 2017-18, 27 multinational companies (MNCs) paid an aggregate ₹6,737 crore in royalties, more than half of which was accounted by Maruti Suzuki India Ltd at ₹3,818 crore, or 25.8% of profits before tax, proxy advisory firm Institutional Investor Advisory Services India Ltd (IiAS) said in a report dated 27 March.

These royalty payment accounts for 16% of these 27 MNCs' pre-tax pre-royalty profits and almost 27% of their aggregate ₹25,040 core profit after tax.

Maruti Suzuki India Ltd, GE T&D India Ltd, 3M India Ltd, and Johnson Control-Hitachi Air Condition India Ltd have paid more than 20% of their pre-tax, pre- royalty profits as royalty to their respective parent companies. Fourteen of the 27 MNCs (whose recent financial statements were available) paid over 2% of net sales as royalty to their parent companies, the report added.

Even though royalty payments were related-party transactions, they escaped shareholder approval since these did not exceed 10% of revenues or net worth, and companies maintained that royalty payments were in the ordinary course of business and on arm’s length terms. Considering the high payout, the Kotak committee recommended shareholder approval for any royalty payout exceeding 5%. Sebi brought it down to 2%.

Barring capping royalty payments, Sebi is likely to focus on certain other key areas.